Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 4 - Biodiversity and Environment | New Course 2078/2021

4. Biodiversity and Environment

View:

Biodiversity and Environment | Chapter 4 | Grade-7 | Science and Technology Notes - New Course 2079-2081

4.1 What is environment?

4.2 What roles can we play to conserve the environment?

Test Your Concept:

1. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

a) The totality of all the living things and non-living things which interact with each other is called environment.

b) The two components of the environment are abiotic and biotic.

c) Living things are biotic component.

d) Abiotic components are non-living things.

e. Very effective method for solid waste management is 5R's model.

f. Heat and light are abiotic components of the environment.

Also Check:

Grade 6 | Science Notes - Measurement | Unit-1 | Lesson-1 (OLD COURSE)

Grade 6 | Science Notes - Force and Motion | Unit-2 | Lesson-2 (OLD COURSE)

Grade 6 | Science Notes - Machine | Unit-2 | Lesson-3 (OLD COURSE)

View These Too ... (Class 6 All Units Notes)

Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 1 - Scientific Learning | New Course 2078/2021.

Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 2 - Information Communication Technology | New Course 2078/2021.

Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 3 - Living Organisms and Their Structure | New Course 2078/2021.

Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 4 - Biodiversity and Environment | New Course 2078/2021.

2. Tick the correct alternatives (MCQs):

a) Which of the following is a biotic component?

A) air

B) water

C) soil

D) bacteria

Answer: D) bacteria

b) Which of the following is biotic component?

A) air

B) plants

C) soil

D) air and soil

Answer: B) plants

c) Which step of the 5R's model of solid waste management is recycle?

A) second

B) third

C) fourth

D) fifth

Answer: C) fourth

d) An example of which of the following is composting of organic matters?

A) recycle

B) reuse

C) refuge

D) reduce

Answer: A) recycle

e) Which of the following is the cause of deforestation?

A) killing wild animals

B) grazing by domestic animals in jungle

C) overusing medicinal herbs

D) illegal cutting of trees

Answer: D) illegal cutting of trees

f) What is conserved by using organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers?

A) air

B) water

C) forest

D) soil

Answer: D) soil

3. Short answer questions (Answer in a single word/single sentence).

a. Define biodiversity.

Answer: Biodiversity is the short form of biological diversity which refers to all the variety of life that can be found on the Earth.

b. Define environment.

Answer: Environment is the surroundings of all the living things and non-living things.

c) Name the components of environment.

Answer: The components of environment are air, water, soil, energy and organisms.

d) What are biotic components?

Answer: Living things are biotic components.

e) What are abiotic components?

Answer: Non-living things are abiotic components.

f) For what purpose is the 5R's model used?

Answer: The 5R's model is used for the purpose of waste management.

4.3 What is ecosystem?

Test your concept:

1. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

a. Those organisms who can prepare their food are producers.

b. Those organisms who decay the organic matters are decomposers.

c. Rice-field ecosystem is an example of water ecosystem.

d. Primary consumers are herbivore animals.

e. Terrace farming is a way for soil conservation.

f. Illegal cutting of trees and jungle causes deforestation.

2. Tick the correct alternatives (MCQs):

a. Which animal is an example of the top consumer on land?

A) jackal

B) tiger

C) fox

D) wolf

Answer: B) tiger

b. Which is an example of the decomposer?

A) algae

B) moss

C) fungi

D) mosquito

Answer: C) fungi

c. What is the feature of primary consumers?

A) feed on secondary consumer

B) feed on producers

C) prepare their food in their body

D) feed on decaying bodies

Answer: C) prepare their food in their body

d. What is the feature of decomposers?

A) feed on secondary consumer

B) feed on produces

C) prepare their food in their body

D) feed on decaying bodies

Answer: D) feed on decaying bodies

e. What is the feature of top consumers?

A) prey on others

B) preyed by others

C) not preyed by others

D) omnivores

Answer: C) not preyed by others

3. Short answer questions (Answer in a single word/single sentence).

a. Define ecosystem.

Answer: An ecosystem is a community of plants, animals, and non-living environments interacting with each other in a given area.

b. What are the biotic components of ecosystem?

Answer: The biotic components of ecosystem are producers, consumers and decomposers.

c. Give any two examples of abiotic components.

Answer: The two examples of abiotic components are air and water.

d. Define decomposers?

Answer: The organisms which help in composting of excreta of animals and the dead bodies are called decomposers.

e. Write any two examples of decomposers.

Answer: The two examples of decomposers are fungi and earthworm.

f. Write any two examples of producers.

Answer: The two examples of producers are grass and algae.

g. What is the role of herbivores in an ecosystem?

Answer: Primary consumers is the role of herbivores in an ecosystem.

h. Write name of the last step of 5R's model?

Answer: The name of the last step of 5R's model is Recover.

UNIT 4 Biodiversity and Environment "EXERCISE":

1. Long answer questions:

a. Describe soil conservation briefly.

Answer: We grow different types of plants in soil. Peoples are using chemical fertilizers and insecticides for better production of crops without soil test. Natural disasters like, floods, landslides, soil erosions, etc. causes degrading the soil quality. We should promote organic fertilizers to improve the quality of soil. By plantation on barren lands and terrace farming on slopes, soil can be protected from erosion.

b. Enlist the ways of environmental balance and describe wildlife conservation briefly.

Answer: The ways of environmental balance are listed below:

i) Management of natural resources,

ii) Population control,

iii) Water conservation,

iv) Soil conservation,

v) Afforestation and wildlife conservation,

vi) Solid waste management.

Wildlife refers to animals that live in forest/jungle. People used to kill wild animals unnecessarily. They poach, cut the trees for wood, put on the fires in jungle. So, to conserve wildlife we should make and implement strict rules and regulations against poaching, deforestation and jungle fire.

c. Describe forest ecosystem in short.

Answer: Forest ecosystem is an example of land ecosystem. Forest is home to wild animals and plants. Abiotic components are also found in forest. In forest ecosystem, green plants are producers, producers are eaten by primary consumers (mouse, rabbit, goat, etc.), primary consumers are eaten by secondary consumers (owl, cat, fox, etc.), secondary consumers are eaten by tertiary consumers (lion, kite, eagle, etc.), tertiary consumers are not preyed by others and after their death, their dead bodies (plants and animals) are decayed by decomposers and fertilizers are formed. Fertilizers are used by plants to grow.

Or,

Forest Ecosystem:

Green Plants (Producers) ⟶ Mouse, Rabbit, Goat, etc. (Primary Consumers) ⟶ Owl, Cat, Fox, etc. (Secondary Consumers) ⟶ Lion, Kite, Eagle, etc. (Tertiary Consumers) ⟶ Fungi, Earthworms, Beetles, Bacteria, etc. (Decomposers)

d. Describe different types of consumers with examples.

Answer: The different types of consumers with examples are listed below:

i) Primary Consumers:- Those animals who feed on plants only are called primary consumers. The examples of primary consumers are cow, deer, buffalo, rabbit, grasshopper, etc.

ii) Secondary Consumers:- Those animals who feed on primary consumers are called secondary consumers. The examples of secondary consumers are cat, dog, snake, fox, jackal, etc.

iii) Tertiary Consumers:- Those animals who feed on secondary consumers are called tertiary consumers. The examples of tertiary consumers are tiger, eagle, lion, kite, etc.

e. Describe different types of consumers in an ecosystem with examples.

Answer: The different types of consumers in an ecosystem with examples are -

Forest ecosystem:

Producers - Green plants are the producers in forest ecosystem as they prepare food themselves by the process of photosynthesis.

Primary Consumers - Producers are eaten by the primary consumers like mouse, rabbit, goat, etc.

Secondary Consumers - Primary consumers are eaten by secondary consumers like owl, cat, jackal, etc.

Tertiary Consumers - Secondary consumers are eaten by tertiary consumers like eagle, lion, tiger, kite, etc.

Decomposers - Tertiary consumers are the top consumers as they are not preyed by others. So, when they die, their bodies are decayed by decomposers and fertilizers are formed.

And at last the fertilizers are used by plants to grow. So the process of being eaten and eating goes on and the number of animals and plants are controlled in a natural pattern.

Answer: The implementation of 5R's model support to manage solid waste by following steps -

1. Refuge - Not bringing packaging more than required materials etc. inside home.

2. Reduce - Using reusable items rather than disposable ones.

3. Reuse - Giving unwanted materials to others for reusing them. Like plastic containers, wrapping papers and boxes, plastic water bottles can be reused.

4. Recycle - Reprocessing waste materials to produce another product. Like - paper, plastic, glass, metals and decayable materials can be recycled. Composting of organic materials is a very good example of recycling.

5. Recover - Recovery of waste without any pre-processing. Like - the waste oil of vehicles can be used as a source of energy.

g. How can we conserve water? Describe in short.

Answer: Water is one of the major natural resources. For the survival of living organisms, water is very important. It is a renewable resource. Due to overpopulation and climate change, water resources are decreasing and getting polluted. To conserve water, we need to conserve wetlands and forests. By conserving water we can conserve water animals which plays one of the major parts of our environment.

h. Describe management of minerals briefly.

Answer: Minerals are natural resources and are limited. The demand of minerals is more in the present days. They can be used for a long time by their proper management only. Their excessive use could threatened our survival. So, we have to use and manage them wisely. Also exploitation of minerals must be avoided and our dependence on these minerals must be shifted to renewable resources.

2. Write difference between:

a. Abiotic and biotic components.

Answer: The differences between abiotic and biotic components are -

b. Land ecosystem and water ecosystem.

Answer: The differences between land ecosystem and water ecosystem are-

c. Producers and decomposers.

Answer: The differences between producers and decomposers are -

d. Producers and consumers.

Answer: The differences between producers and consumers are -

e. Primary consumers and secondary consumers.

Answer: (Will Be Continued ... 😊)

f. Primary consumers and top consumers.

Answer: (Will Be Continued ... 😊)

3. Give reasons (Explain):

a. By controlling over population, many problems caused by environmental imbalance can be solved.

Answer: (Will Be Continued ... 😊)

...

#From above grade/class-6 science notes of unit-4 "Biodiversity and Environment" New Course 2078/2021, we hope students will be able to:

• Introduce environment.
• Implement environment-friendly behaviour.
• Introduce ecosystem.
• Describe the components of forest ecosystem.

#Thanks for visiting us. We are really happy providing the notes of Grade/Class-6 Science, Biodiversity and Environment Notes based on new course of year 2077-2078 of Unit-4 Biodiversity and Environment. Please leave comments or suggestions so that we can improve.😊

[buttonLink style=unelevated elcreative_ripple]Search Terms:[/buttonLink]