Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 1 - Scientific Learning | New Course 2078/2021

Test Your Concept:

1. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

a) The quantity of matter contained in a body is called mass.

b) The duration between two events is called time.

c) One day is equal to 24 hours/1440 minutes/86,400 seconds.

d) The standard unit of mass is Kilogram (kg).

e) The instrument which is used to measure time is digital watch/automatic watch/pendulum clock.

f) By interpreting the experimental findings acceptable conclusion can be drawn.

Also Check:

Grade 6 | Science Notes - Measurement | Unit-1 | Lesson-1 (OLD COURSE)

Grade 6 | Science Notes - Force and Motion | Unit-2 | Lesson-2 (OLD COURSE)

Grade 6 | Science Notes - Machine | Unit-2 | Lesson-3 (OLD COURSE)

View These Too ... (Class 6 All Units Notes)

Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 1 - Scientific Learning | New Course 2078/2021.

Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 2 - Information Communication Technology | New Course 2078/2021

Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 3 - Living Organisms and Their Structure | New Course 2078/2021.

Grade 6 | Science and Technology Notes of Unit 4 - Biodiversity and Environment | New Course 2078/2021

2. Tick (✓) the correct alternatives (MCQs):

a) Which of the following is the standard unit of mass?

A. pau

B. kilogram (✓)

C. metric ton

D. dharni

b) How many metres are there in one kilometre?

A. 100 m

B. 10000 m

C. 1000 m (✓)

D. 500 m

c) What is the SI unit of temperature?

A. kelvin (✓)

B. celsius

C. fahrenheit

D. calorie

d) Which one is equal to one day?

A. 8,600s

B. 48,600s

C. 68,400s

D. 86,400s (✓)

e) Which skills draws conclusions from observation or information gathered?

A. processes

B. inferring

C. communication

D. analysis (✓)

f) What is SI unit of volume?

A. m³ (✓)

B. cm³

C. m²

D. km³

Important:-

Scientific Studies | Chapter 1 | Grade-7 | Science and Technology Notes - New Course 2079-2081

Information and Communication | Chapter 2 | Grade-7 | Science and Technology Notes - New Course 2079-2081

Living Beings and Their Structure | Chapter 3 | Grade-7 | Science and Technology Notes - New Course 2079-2081

Biodiversity and Environment | Chapter 4 | Grade-7 | Science and Technology Notes - New Course 2079-2081

Life Processes | Chapter 5 | Grade-7 | Science and Technology Notes - New Course 2079-2081

Force and Motion | Chapter 6 | Grade-7 | Science and Technology Notes - New Course 2079-2081

3. Match the following:

Column 'A'	Column 'B'
temperature	metre
length	cubic metre
time	kelvin
area	second
volume	square metre

Answer:

Column 'A'	Column 'B'
temperature	kelvin
length	metre
time	second
area	square metre
volume	cubic metre

4. Short answer questions. (Answer in a single word/single sentence). (Question answers of Grade 6 Science Unit 1 - Scientific Learning.)

a) What is called the quantity which can be measured?

Answer: The quantity which can be measured is called physical quantity.

#What do you mean by physical quantity?

b) Define measurement.

Answer: Measurement is the process of comparing an unknown physical quantity with a standard known quantity.

Or,

The process of finding the unknown quantity of an object or system by comparing it with a standard quantity is called measurement.

c) Write an example of the local unit that measures mass.

Answer: An example of the local unit that measures mass is Mana/ Pathi/ Muri/ Dharni.

d) Define time.

Answer: The period or duration between any two events is called time.

e) What is length?

Answer: The distance between any two points is called length.

f) Define thermometer.

Answer: A thermometer is a device which is used for measuring the temperature of an object.

g) What is energy?

Answer: The capacity or ability to do work is called energy.

h) Define SI Unit.

Answer: The unit of measurement which is accepted all over the world as a basic unit is called a Standard unit 'SI unit'.

Or,

The globally accepted measurement system as a basic unit is called SI unit 'The System International Units'.

i) What are the elements of scientific method?

Answer: The elements of scientific methods are -

i) Observation

ii) Question

iii) Research

iv) Hypothesis

v) Experiment

vi) Analysis

vii) Result

viii) Conclusion.

5. Long answer questions of Grade 6 Science Unit 1 - Scientific Learning:

a) Enlist the steps of scientific learning process.

Answer: The scientific method is just a process that scientists use to verify new facts. The list of steps for scientific learning process are as follows:

i) Observe and study the events or objects around us (Make an observation),

ii) Devise questions about the event or object (Ask question),

iii) Predict the most likely answer to the question (Do background research),

iv) Form a hypothesis.

v) Text your predictions with experiments (Conduct experiment),

vi) Record the findings of the experiment (Report your Results),

vii) Present the conclusions in a report (Result),

viii) Extract conclusions based on the findings (Extract conclusions).

b) What improvements were made in measuring system with the introduction of standard units?

Answer: With the introduction of standard units in measuring system, the measurement of any object is more accurate, consistent, reliable and globally accepted.

c) What are the applications of measurement?

Answer: The applications of measurement are -

1. It is useful for selling and buying goods.

2. It is essential for making and preparing food.

3. It is important for conducting scientific experiments.

4. It is important for global understanding of the quantity of substances.

5. It is useful to measure raw materials in industries, etc.

#What are the importance of measurement?

d) What problems might we face if measuring systems were not established?

Answer: We might face the following problems if measuring systems were not established-

i) Unable to conduct scientific experiments,

ii) Unable to prepare tasty food without knowing the accurate amount of ingredients added to it,

iii) Unable to stitch clothes without knowing the accurate size of our body,

iv) Difficult to buy and sell things such as vegetables, sugar, oil, pulses, rice, wheat flour, etc.,

v) Most importantly the lives of people got worst.

e) Your father brought you a pair of shoes. When you wore the shoes, you realized there was a problem. The shows were too long. Why might such a problem arise and how can it be mitigated?

Answer: Such problem arise because the accurate measurement of the size (length) of the foot was not taken by your father. It can be mitigated by taking the accurate measurement of the foot.

f) Draw a flowchart showcasing the process of scientific learning. Also mention a short description of each of the steps in the chart.

Answer: A flowchart showcasing the process of scientific learning with it's short description are as follow:

g) There would be no water supply tomorrow at home. How much water should be stored for tomorrow? Why do you emphasize on estimation then?

Answer: We use 500 litres of water daily. So, 500 litres of water should be stored for tomorrow.

We emphasize on estimation of water for tomorrow to store water for drinking purpose and to perform various activities.

h) Take two eggs and put one in a plastic or ceramic bowel containing vinegar or lemon juice and another in a bowel containing cold water for 3-4 days? After that, compare both eggs and find what changes are seen in both eggs? Draw a conclusions from your findings. Explain the work you did according to the steps from the scientific learning process.

Answer: The explanation of work that we perform according to the steps of scientific learning process is listed below:

i) Observe and study the events or objects.

Here, vinegar or lemon juice are acids. Eggshells are made of calcium carbonate. If we put an egg in a plastic or ceramic bowel containing vinegar or lemon juice, the eggshell will absorb the acid and dissolves i.e. eggshell will disappear and egg becomes bigger.

Also, If we put an egg in a bowel containing cold water for 3-4 days, the cold water help in keeping egg whites from getting rubbery.

ii) Ask questions.

- Do the vinegar or lemon juice break down the eggshell?

- Does an egg kept inside vinegar and lemon juice become bigger in size?

- Does an egg kept inside vinegar and lemon juice totally break?

- What happens to the egg that was kept inside the cold water?

- Does an egg kept inside cold water break?

6. Write differences between:

a) Local unit and Standard unit.

Answer: The differences between Local Unit and Standard Unit are given below:

b) Area and Volume

Answer: The differences between Area and Volume are given below;

7. Give reasons (Explain).

a) The local units are not internationally accepted for measurement.

Answer: The local units are not internationally accepted for measurement because they differ from person to person and from one place to another place and it is not accurate.

#Why local units are not internationally accepted for measurement?

b) SI units are used for scientific measurement.

Answer: SI units are used for the scientific measurement to avoid confusion when measuring among the scientists all over the world.

Or,

SI unit is used in most places around the world, so our use of it allows scientist from desperate regions to use a single standard unit in communicating scientific data without vocabulary confusion.

Or,

SI units are used for scientific measurement because it is accurate and accepted all over the world.

#Why SI units are used for scientific measurement?

c) We need standard units to measure physical quantities.

Answer: We need standard units to measure the physical quantity because it helps to maintain uniformity about measurement throughout the world.

Or,

We need standard units to measure physical quantities because it is accurate and accepted all over the world.

#Why we need standard units to measure physical quantities?

d) Kilometre is the multiple of metre.

Answer: Kilometre is the multiple of metre because it is larger unit than metre.

#Why kilometre is the multiple of metre?

8. Diagrammatic questions.

Identify the given diagram and write the physical quantity which they measure.

i) Watch - Watch is used to measure the time.

ii) Tape - Tape is used to measure the length of an object.

iii) Digital thermometer - Digital thermometer is used to measure the body temperature.

iv) Measuring cylinder - Measuring cylinder is used to measure liquids.

NUMERICAL PROBLEMS

9. Convert the following as mentioned:

a) 2 hours to second

Solution:

Here,

= 2 hours

= 2 × 60 minutes [∵ The relation between Hour and Minute is 60] [hour 60 minute 60 second] [Important: To convert larger unit to a smaller unit - MULTIPLY (×)]

= 120 minutes

= 120 × 60 seconds [∵ The relation between Minute and Second is 60] [hour 60 minute 60 second] [Important: To convert larger unit to a smaller unit - MULTIPLY (×)]

= 7200 seconds. Ans.

Or,

Here,

= 2 hours

= 2 × 60 × 60 seconds [∵ The relation between Hour and Minute is 60. Also the relation between Minute and Second too is 60] [hour 60 minute 60 second] [Important: To convert larger unit to a smaller unit - MULTIPLY (×)]

= 7200 seconds. Ans.

b) 3 m 55 cm to cm

Solution:

Here,

= 3 m 55 cm

= 3 × 100 cm + 55 cm [∵ The relation between metre and centimetre is 100] [m 10 dm 10 cm 10 mm] [Important: To convert larger unit to a smaller unit - MULTIPLY (×)]

= 300 cm + 55 cm

= 355 cm. Ans.

c) 736 cm to m

Solution:

Here,

= 736 cm

= (736 ÷ 100) m [∵ The relation between centimetre and metre is 100] [mm 10 cm 10 dm 10 m] [Important: To convert a smaller unit to a larger unit - DIVIDE (÷)]

= 7.36 m Ans.

d) 15 kg to gram

Solution:

Here,

= 15 kg

= 15 × 1000 gram [∵ The relation between kilogram and gram is 1000] [kg 10 hg 10 dag 10 g (gram)] [Important: To convert larger unit to a smaller unit - MULTIPLY (×)]

= 15,000 gram. Ans.

e) 2m² to cm²

Solution:

Here,

= 2m²

= 2 × m × m

= 2 × 100 cm × 100 cm [∵ The relation between metre and centimetre is 100] [m 10 dm 10 cm 10 mm] [Important: To convert larger unit to a smaller unit - MULTIPLY (×)]

= 20,000 cm². Ans.

f) 4m3 to cm³

Solution:

Here,

= 4m³

= 4 × m × m × m

= 4 × 100cm × 100cm × 100cm [∵ The relation between metre and centimetre is 100] [m 10 dm 10 cm 10 mm] [Important: To convert larger unit to a smaller unit - MULTIPLY (×)]

= 4,000,000 cm³. Ans.

g) 8 km to metre

Solution:

Here,

= 8 km

= 8 × 1000 m [∵ The relation between kilometre (km) and metre (m) is 100] [km 10 hm 10 dam 10 m] [Important: To convert larger unit to a smaller unit - MULTIPLY (×)]

= 8,000 m. Ans.

h) 23817 g to kg

Solution:

Here,

= 23817 g

= (23817 ÷ 1000) kg [∵ The relation between gram (g) and kilogram (kg) is 1000] [g 10 dag 10 hg 10 kg] [Important: To convert smaller unit to a larger unit - DIVIDE (÷)]

= 23.817 Ans.

i) 5 km 325 m into metre

Solution:

Here,

= 5 km 325 m

= 5 × 1000 m + 325 m [∵ The relation between kilometre (km) and metre (m) is 100] [km 10 hm 10 dam 10 m] [Important: To convert larger unit to a smaller unit - MULTIPLY (×)]

= 5,000 m + 325 m

= 5,325 m. Ans.

Extra Question and Answers:

A. Define a physical quantity. Write the SI units of mass, length and time.

Answer: The quantity which can be measured is called physical quantity. The SI units of mass is kilogram (kg), length is meter (m) and time is second (s).
#What do you mean by physical quantity?

B. Define measurement and the SI system of units.

Answer: Measurement is the process of comparing an unknown physical quantity with a standard known quantity.

The system of units recommended by the International Convention of Scientists held in France is known as the SI system of units. In SI system of units, mass is measured in kilogram (kg), length in meter (m), time in second (s) and temperature in Kelvin (k).

#What do you mean by measurement? What is SI system of units?

C. What is a standard unit?

Answer: The unit of measurement which is accepted all over the world as a basic unit is called a Standard unit.

D. Define mass and write it's units.

Answer: The amount of matter contained in a body is called mass. The units of mass are gram, kilogram, quintal and metric ton.
#What do you mean by mass?

E. Define CGS and FPS systems.

Answer: The system of units in which length is measured in centimeter (cm), mass in gram (g) and time in second (s) is called CGS system.

The system of units in which length is measured in foot (ft), mass in pound (lb) and time in second (s) is called FPS system.
#What is CGS System? #What is FPS system?

F. Write the full form of MKS and FPS.

Answer:
The full form of MKS is Metre, Kilogram and Second.
The full form of FPS is Foot, Pound and Second.

G. Write any two disadvantages of the use of local units.

Answer: The two disadvantages of the use of local units are:-

1. With local units such as haat or cubit, bitta, foot, etc in measuring length, it is not reliable and accurate because it varies/differs from person to person.

2. With local units such as mana, pathi, muri, dharni, pau, etc in measuring the mass of a substance, it is not reliable and accurate because it varies/differs from place to place.

H. Write the differences between M.K.S. and C.G.S . System.

Answer: The differences between M.K.S. and C.G.S. System are as follows;

I. Write the differences between kilometre and kilogram.

Answer: The differences between kilometre and kilogram are as follows;