Grade 6 | Science Notes - Measurement | Unit-1 | Lesson-1

a. 3.94 m is equal to 39.4 cm. (✕)

b. Mass of a body varies from place to place. (✕)

c. Kilogram is the SI unit of mass. (✓)

d. FPS system is also called metric system. (✕)

e. The time taken by the earth to revolve once around the sun is called one month. (✕)

3. Match the following:

Answer:

4. Tick (✓) the correct answer (MCQs).

a. Which of the following is the standard unit of length?

i. foot

ii.inch

iii.metre (✓)

iv. cubit

b. One day is equal to:

i. 86,400 seconds (✓)

ii. 84,600 seconds

iii. 48,600 seconds

iv. 68,400 seconds

c. What is the standard unit of mass?

i. pound

ii. ser

iii. kilogram (✓)

iv. ton

d. Which system of measurement is not reliable to measure a physical quantity?

i. FPS System

ii. CGS System

iii. Local System (✓)

iv. MKS System

i. 100 gm

ii. 500 gm

iii. 1000 mg

iv. 1000 g (✓)

i. pan balance

ii. watch (✓)

iii. cubit

iv. scale

g. Which of the following is a multiple of gram?

i. milligram

ii. centigram

iii. decigram

iv. kilogram (✓)

i. centimeter

ii. meter (✓)

iii. hectometer

iv. kilometer

i. .......... is the SI unit of temperature.

i. celcius

ii. kelvin (✓)

iii. calorie

iv. fahrenheit

j. The time taken by the earth to rotate once about it's own axis is called:

i. one year

ii. one month

iii. one day (✓)

iv. leap year

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5. Differentiate between:

a. MKS and CGS systems.

Answer:

#What is the difference between MKS System and CGS System?

b. kilogram and kilometre

Answer:

#What is the difference between kilograms and kilometres?

6. Give reasons.

a. SI units are used for the scientific measurement.

Answer: SI units are used for the scientific measurement to avoid confusion when measuring among the scientists all over the world.

SI unit is used in most places around the world, so our use of it allows scientist from desperate regions to use a single standard unit in communicating scientific data without vocabulary confusion.

#Why SI units are used for the scientific measurement?

b. We need standard units to measure the physical quantity.

Answer: We need standard units to measure the physical quantity because it helps to maintain uniformity about measurement throughout the world.

7. Answer the following questions.

a. Define a physical quantity. Write the SI units of mass, length and time.

Answer: The quantity which can be measured is called physical quantity. The SI units of mass is kilogram (kg), length is meter (m) and time is second (s).

#What do you mean by physical quantity?

b. Define measurement and the SI system of units.

Answer: Measurement is the process of comparing an unknown physical quantity with a standard known quantity.

The system of units recommended by the International Convention of Scientists held in France is known as the SI system of units. In SI system of units, mass is measured in kilogram (kg), length in meter (m), time in second (s) and temperature in Kelvin (k).

#What do you mean by measurement? What is SI system of units?

c. What is a standard unit?

Answer: The unit of measurement which is accepted all over the world as a basic unit is called a Standard unit.

d. Define mass and write it's units.

Answer: The amount of matter contained in a body is called mass. The units of mass are gram, kilogram, quintal and metric ton.

#What do you mean by mass?

e. Define CGS and FPS systems.

Answer: The system of units in which length is measured in centimeter (cm), mass in gram (g) and time in second (s) is called CGS system.

The system of units in which length is measured in foot (ft), mass in pound (lb) and time in second (s) is called FPS system.

#What is CGS System? #What is FPS system?

f. What precautions should be taken while measuring length?

Answer: The precautions should be taken while measuring length are as follows:

1. The scale should be kept parallel to the measuring side.
2. If the edge of the scale is damaged, 0 'zero' of the scale can't be taken as the reference point. So, another whole number such as 1,2,3... can be taken as the reference point.
3. Sometimes, the scale may be defective. In such situation, we should take the average length.
4. Our eyes should be fixed vertically above the scale so that the end of the surface coincides with the reference of the scales. Otherwise errors may arise.

g. What things should we remember while writing the symbols of units?

Answer: We should remember below things while writing the symbols of units:

Answer: The two disadvantages of the use of local units are:-
1. With local units such as haat or cubit, bitta, foot, etc in measuring length, it is not reliable and accurate because it varies/differs from person to person.
2. With local units such as mana, pathi, muri, dharni, pau, etc in measuring the mass of a substance, it is not reliable and accurate because it varies/differs from place to place.

i. Write the importance of measurement.

Answer: The importance of measurement in our daily life are mentioned below:

1. Measurement is useful for selling and buying goods.

2. Measurement is essential for making and preparing food.

3. Measurement is important for conducting scientific experiments.

4. Measurement is important for global understanding of the quantity of substances.

5. Measurement is useful to measure raw materials in industries, etc.

j. Mass can be measured in local units like dharni, pau, etc. Discuss the advantages of using standard units of mass over the local units of mass.

Answer:

k. Write the full form of MKS and FPS.

Answer:

The full form of MKS is Metre, Kilogram and Second.

The full form of FPS is Foot, Pound and Second.

8. What is the diameter of the marble in the given diagram?

9. Numerical problems:

a. Convert the following:

i. 50 cm into m

Solution:

= 50/100 m [∵ cm 10 dm 10 m = i.e. to change cm to m, we need to divide by 100 (10x10)]

= 0.5 m

ii. 6 kg into g

Solution:

= 6 x 1,000 g [∵ g 10 dag 10 hg 10 kg = i.e. to change kg to g, we need to multiply by 1,000 (10x10x10)]

= 6,000 g

iii. 40s into min

Solution:

= 40/60 min [∵ s 60 min = i.e. to change s to min, we need to divide by 60]

= 0.67 min

iv. 2 km into cm

Solution:

= 2 x 100000 cm [∵ km 10 hm 10 dam 10 m 10 dm 10 cm = i.e. to change km to cm, we need to multiply by 1,00,000 (10x10x10x10x10)]

= 2,00,000 cm

v. 4.5 kg into g

Solution:

= 4.5 x 1000 g [∵ kg 10 hg 10 dag 10 g = i.e. to change kg to g, we need to multiply by 1,000 (10x10x10)]

= 4,500 g

vi. 100 min into s

Solution:

= 100 x 60 s [∵ min 60 s = i.e. to change min to s, we need to multiply by 60]

= 6,000 s

vii. 665 hr into s

Solution:

= 665 x 3,600 s [∵ hr 60 min 60 s = i.e. to change hr to s, we need to multiply by 3,600 (60x60)]

= 23,94,000 s

viii. 560 hr into days

Solution:

= 560/24 days [∵ hr 24 days = i.e. to change hr to days, we need to divide by 24]

= 23.33 days

ix. 20 g into kg

Solution:

= 20/1000 kg [∵ g 10 dag 10 hg 10 kg = i.e. to change g to kg, we need to divide by 1,000 (10x10x10)]

= 0.02 kg

x. 20 mm into m

Solution:

= 20/1,000 m [∵ mm 10 cm 10 dm 10 m = i.e. to change mm to m, we need to divide by 1,000 (10x10x10)]

= 0.02 m

xi. 365 days into s

Solution:

= 365 x 86,400 s [∵ day 24 hr 60 min 60 s = i.e. to change days into s, we need to multiply by 86,400 (24x60x60)]

= 3,15,36,000 s

Magnetism - the attracting property of magnet towards the magnetic materials (#magnetism meaning in nepali language is चुम्बकत्व)

Local - confined to a particular region (#local meaning in nepali language is स्थानीय)

Tola, Pau, Dharni - local units of measurement of mass (#tola #pau #dharni meaning in nepali language are तोला, पाउ, धार्नि)

Calibration - the process of making the scale of a measuring instrument (#calibration meaning in nepali language is मापन, क्यालिब्रेसनद्वारा, अंशांकन)

Consecutive - in succession (#consecutive meaning in nepali language is लगातार, निरन्तर)

Milli - 1/1000 part of anything (मिली)

Centi - 1/100 part of anything (सेन्टी)

Deci - 1/10 part of anything (डेसी)

Deca - ten times bigger (डेका)

Hecto - hundred times bigger (हेक्टो)

Kilo - thousand times bigger (किलो)

#From above grade class-6 science notes of "Measurement" Unit-1, Lesson-1, we hope students will be able to:

• Tell the importance of measurement in daily life and use the units of measurement.
• Introduce local and standard systems of measurements.
• Describe different systems (CGS, FPS, MKS and SI) of units in measurement.
• Show the relation between multiples and sub-multiples of length, mass and time.
• Use the big and small units of mass, length and time.
• Identify ordinary measuring instruments and use them.

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