Grade 5 | Science Notes - Effect of Human Activities on Environment | Unit-6

Grade-Class 5 Science Notes of Effect of Human Activities on Environment, Unit 6. Under category 'Science and Environment Education' of Class 5 Science subject Unit:6 - "Effect of Human Activities on Environment", Students and teachers can find the notes and solutions of fill in the blanks, true and false statements, definitions, match the followings, definitions, question answers, make meaningful words, glossary and extra word meanings in Nepali language.

EXERCISE:

1. Fill in the blanks with correct words.

a. Environment is the surrounding area where living organisms live.

b. Human activities are responsible for causing environmental pollution.

c. Air provides us oxygen to live.

d. Soil pollution reduces the fertility of soil.

e. The overflowing of water from a river channel is called flood.

f. Forest provides food and shelter for wild animals.

Also Read:

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Animal Life | Unit-1

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Cell | Unit-2

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Life Cycle Of A Butterfly | Unit-3

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Life Process | Unit-5

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Parts of a Flowering Plant | Unit-4

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Environment and its Conservation | Unit-7

Grade 5 | Science Notes - States of Matter | Unit-8

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Energy | Unit-9

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Weather | Unit-10

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Effect of Human Activities on Environment | Unit-6.

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Clouds | Unit-11.

Grade 5 | Science Notes - The Universe | Unit-12.

Grade 5 | Science Notes - The Earth | Unit-13.

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Information and Communication | Unit-14.

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Common Local Technology | Unit-15.

Grade 5 | Science Notes - Cleanliness | Unit-16.

2. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.

a. Human beings are responsible for environmental pollution. T

b. Carbon dioxide pollutes air. T

c. Water pollution causes lung cancer. F

d. The use of insecticides and pesticides in crops causes soil pollution. T

e. Pollution growth is one of the main causes of deforestation. T

f. Landslides mostly occurs in dry season. F

g. Soil erosion destroys a lot of human lives and property. F

3. Select the correct answer.

a. Smoke causes air pollution. (air/water/soil)

b. Jaundice is caused by water pollution. (air/water/soil)

c. Plastic causes long-term soil pollution. (plastic/vegetable peel/leaves)

d. Forests maintain natural beauty. (forests/wildlife/plants)

e. Rainfall is not a natural disaster. (rainfall/landslide/flood)

f. Smoke from industries and factories causes air pollution. (smoke/waste water/solid wastes)

g. Soil erosion does not kill people. (flood/landslide/soil erosion)

4. Match the following.

A	B
Oxides of Nitrogen	water pollution
Sewage	forest
Large amount of fertilizers	cutting down trees
Timber	natural disaster
Deforestation	air pollution
Flood	soil pollution

Answer:

A	B
Oxides of Nitrogen	air pollution
Sewage	water pollution
Large amount of fertilizers	soil pollution
Timber	forest
Deforestation	cutting down trees
Flood	natural disaster

5. Define the following terms.

a. Environment:- The surrounding of living things where they live is called the environment.

b. Environmental pollution:- Addition of unwanted materials in the environment by different activities is called environmental pollution.

c. Natural disaster:- The destruction which is caused by nature is called natural disaster.

d. Deforestation:- The process of cutting down of trees is called deforestation.

e. Flood:- The overflowing of water from river channel is called flood.

f. Landslide and Soil erosion:- The sliding down of land mass from a sloping surface is called landslide. The loss of top layer of soil due to floods, landslides, rainfalls is called soil erosion.

6. Answer the following questions.

a. Who is responsible for environmental pollution?

Answer: Human being is responsible for environmental pollution.

b. Write three causes of air pollution.

Answer: The three causes of air pollution are:-
1. Smoke from burning of firewood, coal and other petroleum products.
2. Smoke, ashes and dust volcanoes and forest fires.
3. Foul smell from dead and decayed matters.

c. List any three effects of air pollution.

Answer: The three effects of air pollution are:-
1. Redness and irritation of eyes.
2. Difficulty in breathing.
3. Cough and sneezing.

d. How does water become polluted? Write any three points.

Answer: The water becomes polluted due to the mixture of unwanted substance in water. The three points that water becomes polluted are:-
1. Draining industrial and hospital waste water into rivers, lakes and seas.
2. Dumping waste and dead organisms near and into the water sources.
3. Bathing animals, washing clothes and vehicles near and into water bodies.

e. Mention any three effects of water pollution.

Answer: The three effects of water pollution are:-
1. Polluted water can cause several diseases like, cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery, typhoid, etc.
2. Soil irrigated with polluted water also degrades crops grown in it.
3. Polluted water affects the growth and development of aquatic animals and even kills them.

f. List three causes and three effects of soil pollution.

Answer: The three causes of soil pollution are:-
1. Draining poisonous waste from the factories into the soil.
2. Dumping poisonous and hazardous wastes in land.
3. Excessive use of insecticides, pesticides and chemical fertilizers in agriculture.

The three effects of soil pollution are:-
1. Soil containing harmful chemicals damages the crops.
2. It kills most of the plants.
3. It also disturbs the growth and development of soil animals.

g. Why are forests important to us? Explain.

Answer: Forests are important to us because it provides useful raw materials, foods and shelters to wild animals. It also provides fire, woods, timber, food, medicinal herbs, etc to human being and fresh air too. Due to the beauty of forest and wild lives, many foreign and local tourists visit beautiful areas and which can be the source of income of our country.

h. List two major causes and two major effects of deforestation.

Answer: The two major causes of deforestation are:-
1. More demand for firewood, fodder and timber.
2. Forest fire.

The two major effects of deforestation are:-
1. Loss of wild animals and plants.
2. Drying of water resources.

i. Write one cause of each for floods, landslides and soil erosion.

Answer: One cause of each for floods, landslides and soil erosion respectively are:-
1. Floods cause heavy loss of human lives and property.
2. Landslides increase rate of deforestation.
3. Soil erosion damages soil and reduces the fertility of soil.

j. Write two measure for controlling water pollution.

Answer: The two measure for controlling water pollution are:-
1. Sources of water should be made clean.
2. Septic tanks should be used instead of draining sewage into rivers.

k. List two measure to control air pollution.

Answer: Two measures to control air pollution are:-
1. Discouraging old and polluting vehicles.
2. By planting more trees.

7. Make meaningful words.

a. LOLUPONIT

b. NATIOTEFRESOED

c. LOFOD

d. LIDESDANL

Answer:

a. POLLUTION

b. DEFORESTATION

c. FLOOD

d. LANDSLIDE

GLOSSARY:

Hazard: dangerous result (#hazard meaning in Nepali language is
जोखिम, खतरा.)

Sanitary: clean (#sanitary meaning in Nepali language is सफा, स्वच्छ.)

Recreation: refreshment. (#recreation meaning in Nepali language is मनोरन्जन.)

Fertilizers: substances that provide nutrients to the soil. (#fertilizers meaning in Nepali language is मलहरू, मलखाद.)

Non-biodegradable: cannot be broken down by organism. (#non-biodegradable meaning in Nepali language is गैर जैवअपघट्य, बायोडिग्रेडेबल.)

Defecation; expelling feces. (#defecation meaning in Nepali language is शौच.)

Feces: bodily waste discharged through the anus. (#feces meaning in Nepali language is मल.)

Sewage: waste matter such as feces or dirty water from homes and factories. (#sewage meaning in Nepali language is ढल, फोहर मैला.)

Deforestation: the action of clearing a wide area of trees. (#deforestation meaning in Nepali language is वन फँडानी, वन कटान.)

Flood: an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits. (#flood meaning in Nepali language is बाढी,भेल.)

Environment: the surroundings where a person, animal, or plant lives.(#environment meaning in Nepali language is वातावरण.)

Pollution: a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects in surroundings. (#pollution meaning in Nepali language is प्रदूषण.)

Landslide: a collapse of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff. (#landslide meaning in Nepali language is पहिरो, जमीनको घम्काई.)

Soil erosion: wearing away of topsoil. (#soil erosion meaning in Nepali language is भूक्षय, कटाव, क्षय, माटोको क्षरण.)

Effects: a change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause. (#effects meaning in Nepali language is प्रभावहरू, असर, परिणाम.)

Causes: a person or thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition.(#causes meaning in Nepali language is कारणहरू, उदेश्य.)

Measures: a plan or course of action taken to achieve a particular purpose. (#measures meaning in Nepali language is उपायहरु, मात्रा, परिणाम.)

Agriculture: the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products. (#agriculture meaning in Nepali language is कृषि, खेतीपाती.)

Cholera: an infectious and often fatal bacterial disease of the small intestine, typically contracted from infected water supplies and causing severe vomiting and diarrhoea. (#cholera meaning in Nepali language is हैजा.)

Diarrhoea: a condition in which feces are discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form.(#diarrhoea meaning in Nepali language is पखाला.)

Dysentery: infection of the intestines resulting in severe diarrhoea with the presence of blood and mucus in the feces.(#dysentery meaning in Nepali language is आउँ, झाडापखाला.)

Typhoid: an infectious bacterial fever with an eruption of red spots on the chest and abdomen and severe intestinal irritation. (#typhoid meaning in Nepali language is टाइफाइड, हाकुज्वर.)

Mines: a type of bomb placed on or just below the surface of the ground or in the water, which detonates on contact with a person, vehicle, or ship.. (#mines meaning in Nepali language is विस्फोटक पर्दाथ, खनिज.)

Insecticides/Pesticides: a substance used for killing insects. (#insecticides/pesticides meaning in Nepali language is कीटनाशक.)

Garbage: rubbish or waste, especially domestic refuse. (#garbage meaning in Nepali language is फोहोर, फोहर मैला.)

Decay: (of organic matter) rot or decompose through the action of bacteria and fungi. (#decay meaning in Nepali language is सड्नु, क्षय, कुहिनु.)

Cough: expel air from the lungs with a sudden sharp sound. (#cough meaning in Nepali language is खोकी.)

#From above grade/class 5 science notes of "Effect of Human Activities on Environment" Unit-6, we hope students can explain environmental pollution, identify the effects of human activities on air, water and soil. Also they can explain causes of Natural disasters.

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