Grade 5 | Science Notes - The Earth | Unit-13

Grade-Class 5 Science Notes of The Earth Unit 13. Under category 'Science and Environment Education' of Class 5 Science subject Unit:13 - "The Earth", Students and teachers can find the notes and solutions of fill in the blanks, write true and false statement, select correct alternatives, match the followings, definitions, question and answers, differences between given terms, draw figure/diagram, solve jumbled letters, glossary, extra word meanings in Nepali language and extra question answers.

Grade 5 Science Notes "The Earth" Unit 13.

EXERCISE

1. Fill in the blanks using the words given in the box.

earth	water	atmosphere	magma
inner core	erosion	deposition	river

a) Inner core is the hottest part of the earth.

b) About 70 percentage of the earth is covered with water.

c) The layer of air that covers the earth is called atmosphere.

d) Earth is only a living planet.

e) River carries mud and small pieces of rocks in it.

f) The process of wearing away of rocks and soil particles is called erosion.

g) Magma is a semi-molten form of rocks.

h) Deposition is the process of accumulation of earthy materials in a place.

Also Read:

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2. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statement.

a) The earth is covered by the atmosphere. 'T' (True)

b) The earth can be divided into four different layers. 'T' (True)

c) The surface of the earth is uniform everywhere. 'F' (False)

d) Magma is the molten form of rocks. 'T' (True)

e) We live on the crust. 'T' (True)

f) The outer core is like the engine room of the earth. 'F' (False)

g) Heat, cold, the wind and water are the agents that change the surface of the earth. 'T' (True)

h) Mountains are one of the landforms of the earth. 'T' (True)

3. Select the correct alternatives.

a) About 30 percentage of the earth is covered by land. (water/land)

b) The surface of the earth is non-uniform. (uniform/non-uniform)

c) The crust is the upper layer of the earth. (upper/inner)

d) The inner core of the earth is a solid layer. (liquid/solid)

e) Magma is found in mantle. (mantle/core)

f) Erosion is the process of breaking rocks and soil materials. (erosion/deposition)

g) Volcano can suddenly change the landforms of the earth. (volcano/soil erosion)

h) Flat plains are formed by deposition of earth materials. (transportation/deposition)

4. Match the following.

Group-A	Group-B
Atmosphere	Wearing of rocks and soil
Water	Molten form of rocks
Landforms	Layers of air
Crust	Sudden change on the earth surface
Magma	Major agent of change
Inner core	Features on the earth surface
Erosion	Top most layer of the earth
Landslide	Hottest temperature in the earth

Answer:

Group-A	Group-B
Atmosphere	Layers of air
Water	Major agent of change
Landforms	Features on the earth surface
Crust	Top most layer of the earth
Magma	Hottest temperature in the earth
Inner core	Molten form of rocks
Erosion	Wearing of rocks and soil
Landslide	Sudden change on the earth surface

5. Define the following terms.

a) Atmosphere

Answer: A layer of air surrounding the earth is called atmosphere.

b) Crust

Answer: The outermost layer of the earth is called crust.

c) Mantle

Answer: The layer of the earth that lies below the crust is called Mantle.

d) Magma

Answer: The rocks in semi-molten form found in the lower part of the mantle is called magma.

e) Inner core

Answer: The hottest and central part of the earth is called inner core.

f) Outer core

Answer: The layer/space between mantle and inner core is called outer core.

g) Erosion

Answer: The process of wearing away of rocks and soil particles is called erosion.

h) Deposition

Answer: The process of accumulating transported materials in a place is called deposition.

i) Transportation

Answer: The process of transferring eroded materials from one place to another place is called transportation.

6. Answer the following questions.

a) What are the four main layers of the earth?

Answer: The four main layers of the earth are-
i. Crust
ii. Mantle
iii. Outer core
iv. Inner core

b) Write any two features of the mantle.

Answer: The two features of the mantle are-
i. Mantle consists of hot dense semi solid rocks.
ii. Movement in mantle causes volcano eruption and earthquakes.

c) Describe the core of the earth.

Answer: There are two core on the earth, i.e. outer core and inner core. The layer just below the mantle is called outer core where iron and nickel are found in liquid form. The layer just below the outer core is inner core. It is the hottest layer with high temperature. It has large amount of heat energy, hence it is called the engine room of the earth.

d) List the agents that bring changes in landforms of the earth.

Answer: The agents that bring changes in landforms of the earth are-

i) Landslide,
ii) Flood,
iii) Earthquake,
iv) Volcano, etc.

e) Write the name of the process that cause change on the earth surface.

Answer: The name of the process that cause change on the earth's surface are-

i) Erosion,
ii) Transportation,
iii) Deposition.

f) What brings sudden changes on the surface of the earth?

Answer: Landslides, floods, volcanoes and earthquake bring sudden changes on the surface of the earth.

g) Why does the surface of the earth change continuously?

Answer: The surface of the earth changes continuously due to the movement and colliding of the earth's plate and due to the different natural disasters like-landslides, floods, earthquakes, etc.

h) Write any two ways of conserving soil.

Answer: The two ways of conserving soil are-

i) Conduct afforestation programme,
ii) Stop overgrazing and deforestation.

7. Write any two differences between the following:

a) Crust and mantle

Answer: The two differences between crust and mantle are-

Crust	Mantle
1. Crust is the outermost layer of the earth.	1. Mantle is layer of the earth that lies below the crust.
2. Crust is made up of Silicon and Oxygen.	2. Mantle is made up of semi molten rocks.

b) Inner core and Outer core

Answer: The two differences between inner core and outer core are-

Inner Core	Outer Core
1. Inner core is the central layer of the earth.	1. Outer core lies between mantle and inner core.
2. Inner core is the solid layer made up of iron and nickels.	2. Outer core is the liquid layer made up of iron and nickels.

c) Wind and Water as agents of change

Answer: 

d) Erosion and Deposition

Answer: The two differences between erosion and deposition are-

Erosion	Deposition
1. Erosion is the process of wearing away of rocks and soil particles.	1. Deposition is the process of accumulating transported materials in a place.
2. Erosion happened due to continuous heat and cold on rocks.	2. Deposition happened due to flowing of materials and dunes in plain areas.

8. Draw a figure of the internal structure of the earth and label it.

9. Make meaningful words from the jumbled letters given below:

a) TURCS

Answer: CRUST

b) ROCE

Answer: CORE

c) LANTEM

Answer: MANTLE

d) SORONE

Answer: EROSION

e) CORK

Answer: ROCK

f) RANDOMFL

Answer: LANDFORM

GLOSSARY

Landform - natural feature on the surface of the earth

Accumulating - depositing

Fragments - pieces

Glacier - a large flowing mass of ice

Enormous - very large

#From above grade class-5 science notes of "The Earth" Unit-13, we hope students can explain the internal structure of the earth. They can be able to describe the process of continuous change on the earth surface. Also, students can explain the measures of the conservation of soil.

#Thanks for visiting us. We are really happy providing the notes of Grade/Class-5 Science Notes of The Earth, Unit-13 :) Please leave comments or suggestions so that we can improve. 😊

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