Grade 5 | Science Notes - The Universe | Unit-12
Grade 5 Science Notes "The Universe" Unit 12.
EXERCISE
1. Fill in the blanks using the words given in the box.
| increases | eight | sun | jupiter | 365 |
| universe | satellites | umbra | solar | stars |
a) Our solar system consists of eight planets.
b) The largest planet of the solar system is Jupiter.
c) The earth revolves around the Sun.
d) The earth completes it's one revolution in 365 days.
e) From the new moon to the full moon the bright portion of the moon gradually increases.
f) Universe is a vast space that contains heavenly bodies in it.
g) Satellite moves around the planets.
h) Star is a ball of gases that twinkle at night.
i) The region of the dark shadow is called Umbra.
j) Solar eclipse occurs when the moon lies between the sun and the earth in a straight line.
Also Read:
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Grade 5 | Science Notes - Cell | Unit-2
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Life Cycle Of A Butterfly | Unit-3
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Effect of Human Activities on Environment | Unit-6
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Environment and its Conservation | Unit-7
Grade 5 | Science Notes - States of Matter | Unit-8
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Energy | Unit-9
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Parts of a Flowering Plant | Unit-4
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Clouds | Unit-11.
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Weather | Unit-10.
Grade 5 | Science Notes - The Universe | Unit-12.
Grade 5 | Science Notes - The Earth | Unit-13.
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Information and Communication | Unit-14.
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Common Local Technology | Unit-15.
Grade 5 | Science Notes - Cleanliness | Unit-16.
2. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
a) There are nine planets in the solar system. 'F'
b) The moon is a natural satellite on the planet Saturn. 'F'
c) The stars have their own light. 'T'
d) Living organisms are only found on the Earth. 'T'
e) An artificial satellite helps us to watch television. 'T'
f) The universe has no shape and size. 'F'
g) The mercury is the farthest planet in the solar system. 'F'
h) The Mars is a red planet. 'T'
i) Planets move around the sun in their own orbit. 'T'
j) The sun is a medium sized star. 'T'
k) The penumbra is the region of light shadow. 'T'
l) An eclipse occurs when the sun lies between the earth and the moon. 'F'
3. Match the following.
| Group 'A' | Group 'B' |
|---|---|
| Planet | Twinkles at night |
| Jupiter | Moon |
| New moon | Moon lies between the earth and the sun |
| Satellite | Largest planet |
| Sun | Earth |
| Universe | Twenty four hours |
| Earth's rotation | Main member of solar system |
| Star | Dark night |
| Umbra | Vast space |
| Solar eclipse | Region of dark shadow |
Answer:
| Group 'A' | Group 'B' |
|---|---|
| Planet | Earth |
| Jupiter | Largest planet |
| New moon | Dark night |
| Satellite | Moon |
| Sun | Main member of solar system |
| Universe | Vast space |
| Earth's rotation | Twenty four hours |
| Star | Twinkles at night |
| Umbra | Region of dark shadow |
| Solar eclipse | Moon lies between the earth and the sun |
4. Select the correct alternatives from the sentence given below:
a) The sum is a medium sized star. (large/ medium)
b) Sun is the main member of the solar system. (Earth/ Sun)
c) The universe is a vast space. (vast/ narrow)
d) Earth is a living planet in the solar system. (Mars/ Earth)
e) Mars is the hottest planet in the solar system. (Mars/ Venus)
f) Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. (Saturn/ Jupiter)
g) Planets revolve around the sun in their own orbit. (Planets/ Satellites)
h) The moon is a/ an natural satellite of the earth. (natural/ artificial)
i) Penumbra is the region of the light shadow. (Umbra/ Penumbra)
j) The Solar eclipse occurs when the moon lies between the earth and the sun. (Solar/ Lunar)
5. Define the following terms.
a) Universe
#Define universe. Or, what is the universe?
Answer: The surrounding space including the earth, planets, stars and other heavenly bodies is called the universe.
b) Sun
#Define sun. Or what do you mean by sun?
Answer: The medium sized star which gives heat and energy to the heavenly bodies around it is called sun. Sun is the nearest star from the earth.
c) Solar system
#Define solar system. Or, what do you mean by solar system?
Answer: The family of the sun along with planets, satellites, asteroids, comets and meteors is called the solar system.
d) Stars
#Define stars. Or, what do you mean by stars?
Answer: Those heavenly bodies that give their own light and shine continuously are called stars.
e) Planets
#Define planets. Or, what do you mean by planets?
Answer: The heavenly bodies that do not have their own light and revolve around the sun in their fixed orbit are called planets.
f) Satellites
#Define satellites. Or, what do you mean by satellites?
Answer: The heavenly bodies which revolve around a planet are called the satellites of planet.
g) Moon
#Define moon. Or, what do you mean by moon?
Answer: The moon is the natural satellite of the earth.
Or,
A heavenly body that doesn't have own heat and light and revolves around the earth is called moon.
h) Penumbra
#Define penumbra. Or, what is penumbra?
Answer: A light shadow that forms outside the umbra is called penumbra.
i) Umbra
#Define umbra. Or, what is umbra?
Answer: A dark shadow that forms behind the opaque objects is called an umbra.
j) Eclipse
#Define eclipse. What do you mean by eclipse?
Answer: An eclipse is a condition when a shadow of one heavenly body totally or partially falls on another heavenly body.
k) Solar eclipse
#Define solar eclipse. Or, what do you mean by solar eclipse?
Answer: The condition in which the sun is completely covered by the shadow of the moon is called solar eclipse.
l) Lunar eclipse
#Define lunar eclipse. Or, what do you mean by lunar eclipse?
Answer: The condition in which the sun is completely covered by the shadow of the earth is called lunar eclipse.
6. Give reasons.
a) Why do stars look small in size?
Answer: Stars look small in size because they are very far from the earth.
b) Why do stars shine at night?
Answer: Stars shine at night because they produce their own light.
c) The sun looks bigger than other stars. Why?
Answer: The sun looks bigger than other stars because the sun is the nearest star from the earth.
d) Why are artificial satellites used?
Answer: Artificial satellites are used to know about the weather of the earth, heavenly bodies, transmission of the radio, television, etc.
7. Answer the following questions.
a) What is the universe?
Answer: The surrounding space including the earth, planets, stars and other heavenly bodies is called the universe.
b) What are planets?
Answer: Those heavenly bodies that revolve around the sun are called planets.
c) What is the solar system?
Answer: The family of the sun along with planets, satellites, asteroids, comets and meteors is called the solar system.
d) How many planets are found in our solar system? Write their names.
Answer: There are eight '8' planets found in our solar system. The name of eight planets of solar system are - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune and Uranus.
e) What are stars? Write differences between a star and a planet.
Answer: Those heavenly bodies that give their own light and shine continuously are called stars.
The two differences between a star and a planet are-
| Stars | Planets |
|---|---|
| 1. Stars have own light. | 1. Planets do not have their own light. |
| 2. Stars do not revolve around any heavenly bodies. | 2. Planets revolve around the sun. |
f) Define the full moon and new moon.
#What is a full moon?
#What is a new moon?
Answer:
Full moon - A state when the earth lie between the sun and the moon and we can see the bright moon is called full moon.
New moon - A state when the moon lie between the earth and the sun and we cannot see the moon is called new moon.
g) Write differences between artificial and natural satellites.
Answer: The two differences between artificial and natural satellites are-
| Artificial Satellites | Natural Satellites |
|---|---|
| 1. They are man made. | 1. They are natural. |
| 2. The satellites that revolve around the earth and made by human are called artificial satellites. | 2. The satellites that revolve around the planets are called natural satellites. |
h) Why do we see the moon brighter only at night?
Answer: We see the moon brighter only at night due to the reflection of the sunlight.
i) You cannot see stars during the daytime. Why?
Answer: We cannot see stars during the daytime because the sunlight blocks all the lights coming from the other stars, i.e. the sun is the nearest star from the earth.
j) Why are the living organisms found only on the Earth?
Answer: The living organisms are found only in the Earth because there is a suitable environment for the living organisms.
k) What causes day and night?
Answer: The rotation of the earth on it's own axis in every 24 hours causes day and night.
l) Draw a neat diagram of the solar system and label the planets and the sun.
m) When does a solar eclipse occur? Draw a diagram.
Answer: A solar eclipse occurs when the moon lie between the sun and the earth.
n) When does a lunar eclipse occur? Draw it's diagram.
Answer: Lunar eclipse occurs when the earth lie between the moon and the sun.
o) What do you mean by the phases of the moon?
Answer: The bright side and the dark side of the moon are always changing. These changing shapes of the moon are called the phases of the moon.
8. Write two differences between the following terms.
a) Stars and Planets
Answer: The two differences between Stars and Planets are:-
| Stars | Planets |
|---|---|
| 1. Stars have own lights. | 1. Planets do not have their own lights. |
| 2. Stars are huge in size compared to the planets. | 2. Planets are small in size compared to the stars. |
| 3. The temperature of stars are very high. | 3. The temperature of planets are low compared to stars. |
b) Planets and Satellites
Answer: The two differences between Planets and Satellites are:-
| Planets | Satellites |
|---|---|
| 1. Planets revolve around the sun. | 1. Satellites revolve around the planets. |
| 2. Planet are natural satellites. | 2. Satellites can be natural or artificial. |
c) Penumbra and Umbra
Answer: The two differences between Penumbra and Umbra:-
| Penumbra | Umbra |
|---|---|
| 1. Penumbra is the less dark part of the shadow. | 1. Umbra is the darkest part of the shadow. |
| 2. Penumbra is outer part of the shadow. | 2. Umbra is central part of the shadow. |
| 3. Light from some parts of source reaches. | 3. No light reaches to this region. |
Note: You can select any two of above.
d) New moon and Full moon
Answer: The two differences between New moon and Full moon are:-
| New Moon | Full Moon |
|---|---|
| 1. The New Moon is the barely visible moon. | 1. The Full Moon is the most visible moon. |
| 2. The New Moon is closer to the sun. | 2. The Full Moon is situated far from the sun. |
| 3. The New Moon is the darkest phase of the moon in lunar month. | 3. The Full Moon is the brightest phase of the moon in lunar month |
Note: You can select any two of above.
e) Solar eclipse and Lunar eclipse
Answer: The two differences between Solar eclipse and Lunar eclipse are:-
| Solar Eclipse | Lunar Eclipse |
|---|---|
| 1. Only on new moon day, solar eclipse can occur. | 1. Only on a full moon day, a lunar eclipse can occur. |
| 2. The eclipse of the sun takes place during the daytime. | 2. The eclipse of the moon takes place during the nighttime. |
| 3. Avoid seeing the solar eclipse with naked eyes. | 3. Enjoy the glimpse of the lunar eclipse with naked eyes. |
| 4. Solar eclipse can only be observed in a few places. | 4. Lunar eclipse can easily be observed in many places. |
| 5. Solar eclipse lasts for about 5 to seven minutes. | 5. Lunar eclipse lasts for an hour. |
| 6. Solar eclipse occurs once in 18 months. | 6. Lunar eclipse occurs twice a year. |
Note: You can select any two of above.
f) Total eclipse and Partial eclipse
Answer: The two differences between Total eclipse and Partial eclipse are:-
| Total Eclipse | Partial Eclipse |
|---|---|
| 1. In Total Eclipse, the sun is completely covered by the shadow of the moon. | 1. In Partial Eclipse, the sun is partially covered by a shadow of the moon. |
| 2. The observer is inside the Moon's umbra. | 2. The observer is inside the Moon's penumbra. |
9. Show in a diagram.
a) Solar system
b) Umbra and Penumbra
c) Solar eclipse
10. Make words related to the universe from the jumbled words given below:
a) PLICESE
Answer: ECLIPSE
b) RUNAM
Answer: UMBRA
c) SERVENUI
Answer: UNIVERSE
d) LATESILTE
Answer: SATELLITE
e) PITERUJ
Answer: JUPITER
f) ARTS
Answer: STARS
GLOSSARY
Revolve - move in a circular path (#revolve meaning in nepali language is घुम्नु, परिक्रमा गर्नु)
Vast - very large in size (#vast meaning in nepali language is विशाल, फराकिलो)
Opaque - that cannot pass light through it (#opaque meaning in nepali language is अपारदर्शी, अस्पष्ट, अस्वच्छ)
Arc - curve (#arc meaning in nepali language is चाप, वृत खण्ड)
Gradually - slowly (#gradually meaning in nepali language is बिस्तारै, क्रमिक रुपले, क्रमश:)
Partially - not completely (#partially meaning in nepali language is आंशिक रुपमा)
#From above grade class-5 science notes of "The Universe" Unit-12, we hope students can define and describe the meaning of the universe. They can able to explain the solar systems and it's members.
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